選單頁面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"; charset=UTF-8>
<title>JSP課堂作業一</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>SP課堂作業一</h2>
<a href='ch01/queryLottery.jsp'>問單一明牌</a><br>
<!-- 從本資料夾(webapp)往下找ch01裡面的queryLottery.jsp -->
<a href='ch01/queryLottery2.jsp'>問多種明牌</a><br>
<a href='ch02/InsertMemberForm.jsp'>加入會員</a><br>
<a href='ch04_01/InsertMemberForm.jsp'>加入會員(MVC FileIO)</a><br>
<a href='ch04_02/InsertMemberForm.jsp'>加入會員(MVC DAO)</a><br>
</body>
</html>
單一明牌頁面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查詢明牌</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>查詢明牌</h2>
<Form action="LotteryServlet" method="POST">
<!-- action是表單(form)專用的方法，用以連結到接受資料的程式
method有post跟get，GET的資料會顯示在url上、post的不會
post代表會呼叫到doPost這個方法裡-->
訪客姓名：<input type="text" name="visitor" size="10"><p/>
<!-- name主要是用於獲取提交表單的某表單域信息， 作為可與伺服器交互數據的HTML元素的服務器端的標記 -->
<input type="submit" value="確定"><p/>
</Form>
</body>
</html>
多明牌頁面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查詢名牌</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>查詢名牌</h2>
<Form action="LotteryServlet2" method="POST">
訪客姓名:<input type="text" name="visitor" size="10"><BR><P/>
<!-- 下面是一個單選表單，被選中的才會回傳value
在servlet中用getParameter這個方法取的他的value -->
<input type="radio" name="numberType" value="BIG" CHECKED="">大樂透(六個介於1-49的數字)<br>
<input type="radio" name="numberType" value="MID">中樂透(六個介於1-42的數字)<br>
<input type="radio" name="numberType" value="SMALL">小樂透(五個介於1-39的數字)<br>
<input type="radio" name="numberType" value="FOURSTARS">四星彩(四個可重複，介於0-9的數字)<br>
<P/>
<input type="submit" value="確定">
</Form>
</body>
</html>
單一明牌servlet：
package ch01;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class LotteryServlet
* HttpServlet繼承自GenericServlet，GenericServlet是Servlet這個Interface的實作
*/
@WebServlet("/ch01/LotteryServlet")//別人呼叫這個class時需要使用的關鍵字、URL
public class LotteryServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;//不懂這句用意
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request,response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request,response);
}
private void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,//為何自動生成private?
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//說明傳送到本程式的資料內碼
String name=request.getParameter("visitor");
//讀取瀏覽器送來的資料，也就是在queryLottery.jsp中name="visitor"的欄位
if(name==null||name.trim().length()==0){
//String java.lang.String.trim()
// Returns a string whose value is this string,
// with any leading and trailing whitespace removed.
name="訪客";
}
//如果讀不到使用者傳送的資料，將name設為"訪客"
LotteryBean lottery = new LotteryBean();
lottery.setLowerBound(1);//最小數字1
lottery.setUpperBound(49);//最大數字49
lottery.setBallNumber(6);//出現六個數字一組
Collection coll = lottery.getLuckyNumbers();//產生所需結果，放入集合中
request.setAttribute("visitName", name);
request.setAttribute("luckyNumber", coll);
//把用servlet算好的結果放入HttpServletRequest的request中
// 之後在goodLuck.jsp裡面，${visitName}的地方放name、${luckyNumber}的地方放coll
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/ch01/goodLuck.jsp");
//Dispatcher：發送者、分派者
//getRequestDispatcher這個方法將收到的結果集傳送到/ch01/goodLuck.jsp
//斜線開頭的路徑為絕對路徑，所以不會因為本servlet(LotteryServlet.java)換位置而出錯
rd.forward(request, response);
//forward：發送
return;//forward之後會有一個return敘述，使不論是否出錯都於此停止，因為要跳頁了
//就算出錯也不管了
}catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new ServletException(e);
}
}
}
多明牌servlet
package ch01;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/ch01/LotteryServlet2")
public class LotteryServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
private void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String name = request.getParameter("visitor");
if (name == null || name.trim().length() == 0) {
name = "訪客";
}
String type = request.getParameter("numberType");
//numberType是一個單選欄位，取得他的欄位內容(取得使用者的選項)
//所以type中存放的是被選重的numberType的value
Collection<Integer> coll = null;
LotteryBean lottery = new LotteryBean();
if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("FOURSTARS")) {
//依使用者的選擇不同而輸出不同結果
//equalsIgnoreCase：將此 String 與另一個 String 比較，不考慮大小寫。
lottery.setLowerBound(0);
lottery.setUpperBound(9);
lottery.setBallNumber(4);
coll = lottery.getFourStars();
} else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("BIG")) {
lottery.setLowerBound(1);
lottery.setUpperBound(49);
lottery.setBallNumber(6);
coll = lottery.getLuckyNumbers();
} else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("MID")) {
lottery.setLowerBound(1);
lottery.setUpperBound(42);
lottery.setBallNumber(6);
coll = lottery.getLuckyNumbers();
} else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("SMALL")) {
lottery.setLowerBound(1);
lottery.setUpperBound(39);
lottery.setBallNumber(5);
coll = lottery.getLuckyNumbers();
}
request.setAttribute("visitName", name);
request.setAttribute("luckyNumber", coll);
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("/ch01/goodLuck.jsp");//將收到的資料傳送到這個地方
rd.forward(request, response);
//把結果傳送出去，並跳到goodLuck.jsp頁面
return;
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new ServletException(e);
}
}
}
結果頁面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>報明牌</title><!-- 這是結果回傳頁 -->
</head>
<body>
<H2>卜籤求明牌</H2>
${visitName}，您好，
您的明牌為：${luckyNumber}<!-- 金錢符號用法類似window.onload，就是先載入執行再繼續的意思 -->
</body>
</html>
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【前端網頁開發技術】 (4)
